Combustion-engine



- I 3SHEETS-SHEETI w. L. PHILLIPS.

COMBUSTION ENGINE. APPLICATION FILED MAY 15 I912.

Patented Aug. 22, 1916.

u- & I 25 1 Z6 25 mg!!! 45 Patented Aug. 22, 1916.

3 SHEETSSHEET 2- W. L. PHILLIPS. CDMBUSTION ENGINE.

I APPLICATION FILED' MAY 15. I912. 1,195,6 O;3.

If. all IT TIIIIIIIIiIIL fiF I/W YIIII &0, IIIIIIII Patented Aug. 22, 1916.

- of Illinois,

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

jwIL IAM L. rnInLIrs, or CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

COMBUSTION-ENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

1 Patented Aug. 22,1916.

Application filed May. 15, 1912. Serial No. 697,388.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILL AM L. PHIL- LIrs, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State useful- Improvements in Combustion-En- 1gines, of which the following is a specifica- This invention relates to combustion engines, andis more particularly designated as an automatically governed engine of this class, which 'is' adapted to be operated at I different fixed speeds, and for which various speeds the explosive mixture is automati cally controlled'to correspond therewith. The principal object of the invention'is to PIOVIdQ a machine ofthis class which I is simple, reliable,' easily operated and con mg device or carburet'er which is adapted tostructed, and eflicient and effective in operation.

I 'A further'object is to provide meansto compensate for speed variations from a preof speed by automatically determined rate varying .the supply of fuel to the engine." A still further object is to provide a mix be used in the present connection, embodying's'ome novel features whichadapt the engine to .be operated at different speeds with economy.- of fuel consumption, thereby increasing the efiiciency of the engine. 7

For the attainment of these ends and the; accomplishment of other new and useful objects,- as will a ppear, the invention consists in thefeaturesrof'novelty in the construction, combination and arrangement of the several parts generally shown in the accompanying drawings and described in the specification, but moreparticularly polnted' out in the appended clalms. p Y .In the drawings Figure. 1 represents an engine of the class described, to which a gov- 'erning device and a mixing device are applied embodying the features of my invention; ig. 2 is an end view of a centrifugal I sectional view of the carbureter as taken on a line 66 of Fig. 5';' Fig. 7 is a detail sec- 1tional view taken on a. line 77' of Fig 6; 'Fig. .8 is a sectional view taken on a line 8 .8 of Fig.7 ;-'Fig. 9 is a'sectlonal v ew onhave invented certain new and.

vspeeds. I means for varying the speed of the motor in the line 9+9 of Fig. 5; Fig. 10 is a plan view of the operating. lever for the butterfly valves.

It is desired to combustion type economically and efiiciently at different speeds, thereby adapting it to be used for (lIfl GI'QHt purposes, without a greaterloss of power or efficiency due to the use of' a greater quantity of fuel than is absolutely necessary to perform the Work desired. -It is obvious that by engine of this class the power can be correspondingly increased, provided, of course, that the engine will maintain the speed with a proper load.- It is also manifest that.

produce an engine of the the quantity of fuel required for the enheavy load is much, 'more than that required for the same enginerunning under a light load. With the gine running under a lnglmeans to regulate the opening from the carbureter to the combustion chamber of the engine in accordance with the speed desired. It is also desirable that for any desired speed the variation of speed from the predeterminedvalueshould be as small-as possible, and this necessitates that some means he provided for compensating for this variation for all different predetermined The present invention provides a number of distinct steps with additional automatic means for preventing the variation of the speed of the engine from any one of thesedistinct steps under load. By

- varying the fuel inlet-'openingto the engine an economical use of the fuel is insured for the reason that only the approximate amount of .fuel'needed for this particular speed will be admitted to'the engine. With this improved construction the speed of the "engine can be kept substantially constant for any desired speed by simply varying the lever which is provided for that purpose. Referring now more particularlyto the drawings, and in the' present exemplification of my invention, the numeral 11 designates the'flywheel of an engine having cylinders '12 and'a'rranged on opposite sides of a shaft .13 to constitute an engine of the double opposed cylinder type. Meshing with a, suitwhich may be operated varying the speed of an 4;; Strain: wheat-5251 "exhaust of-gasesto" and from the cylinder in thes -well known manner. In the present exe'mplifi ation-of the invention as shown-by" -Fig. 1,; valve housings 17 f are positioned above-the cylinders 12,,wh1 h a e commonly -;provided with water" jackets 18,; and. spark iplugsil fl-may be'disp'os'ed therein at any de ired-or 'suitableplace' :The parts already described ma-yjbe of any desired or suitable constructionwhich'is well known in the art, the-L'arrangement,being such as to "form" a mechanically and explosively balanced engine 'which'does net require counter, weights I least weight ,mayibefemployed in order to, z o-securegood re lation. r "Pivotall'y kcdnnected-f to some member wliichti's,fixed-to,the Shhift 15 as for exam 1 'ple-to-the gear 14,'a re theflybalhmembers go -wh iehare provided wi'th arms 21 which extend adjacent the shaft;15,.'and which'are. iadap'tedj tq-engage' (4911111122 freely mount.- t llthgnerjni ;1'as the: shafti is rotated the ,fiybdHsZZO Willjb'e'. thrown 'ontwardly in ac- V cordanice withf the speed of '-rotatioh,- and will' -.ca1i$ the 'iinovement of; the collar 22- v "ialori'gthe shaft Aseco'nd. collar 23 is also loosely'm untedf-on the shaft, and connected torthe' collar 22 jby means of a coil spring- 24. jhitjthe outer'end'of the shaftand secured to 8'5, theiengine frameis' acap 25, which is prefa erably 'adaptedl tdfform a bearingfor the ontenfend of, the shaft 15'. and is adapted to cer it ieg z ii a n fly ll p v "11'1, ]11itefd-" thereon-j rejecting inwardly- I perforated ear or ears fifi fiwhichj ovidea' bearing-for a bar 27 iex'te'lidiilg lsubstsntially at right angles or transverseththeshart a ,TheYOuter end of. -the-fbar'q27'"rotrudesat one} side 'of the cap i I -f2 5l j Atth lilnelrilendfofthe. bar 27 secured fthereto'-, or' formed integral therewith, is an -v 28 which is adapted-t0 extend inprox- Y to-the sh aft 1 5, and is preferably bil'i at d in form; as shown by 2, so. that twi'l-l eqii' 11y. f gainst both sides of the holler-Li.- Atkthel outer. end of the bar 27, and isecure d"theretoini-any, suitable manner, is a "1 "Evert-29. lever isidisposed between the *bifurcatioiis-3Qof-ahand or adjusting lever 31 whichare' freelyimou'nted'upon the bar '27 and I areadapted to Iprevide a bearing sup- "port flfor -jthe "onteryend ,of 'the than. This lever 3'1 'ismo-vable .about the bar' 27' as an ,aii'iSQQandis; moved in the perforated segit iment 32, which issecured by an extension 33 to any suitable portionwofthe frame or'cas- .ingof-the'motor. The perforations in the .4segment f-32"are'rforthe purpose of constiti ting guides vfor the-hand lever 31in its eieafigu ior differentp'ositio'ns, and the hand lever is adapted to be securely held in any" a'dJusted position in the segment,' but to be freely movable from any position into any other position. Extending downwardly -from the bifurcations 130, and preferably formed integral with at least one of them, is an arm 34 (see Fig. 4), substantially the length of the downward extending portion 7 of the lever 29, which is secured tothe bar 127 between the bifurcatedextremities. 30 of 5 the hand lever; Connecting the lower -6 X-V tremities of the le'ver's 29 and 3lis a spring 35 which tends-to oppose the s'e'parationofi the downward extensions. It is- 'evident,

therefore', that'iffthe hand lever 31 is turned r'n the segment 32; the'.lever.2)'-which is secured-to the bar 27 will alsobe movedand 1 the bar rotated-inaccordance therewith since thetendency of the spring 35 is to'keep the saidl'evers in a certain spaced relation 35 .with respect to each other. Pivotally. con- I nected to the downwardlyextending portion of thelever 29' at a point intermediate of.

the lower endy'an d the bar 27 .is a connecting member 36 by means of which the fuel in'let passages of the carbureter to-the engine are controlled. 'It is evident that the control is "entirely, automatic .fafter" being set f or any desired speed; for the reason that the outward movement of :the centrifugal device 95.

causes the bar 27 to be rotated in one direction whilethe spring 24 opposes this move ment and causes the bar to'be retufrned to.

its central position, so that-the 'fluctua'tions'f of the-speed of theengi'ne-Wi'll be entirely '1oo controlled by this device. a

-In combu'stion engines of this type, it has-"- .hei'etofore'been customary to employ acar bureter or mixing device which is provided -with"only one discharge openirig from the carbureter-to the engine. 'The' present in ven'tion embodies a carbureter which is p1;0 vided with a plurality of fuel openings from- 'the carbur eter equal inx number to the cylin ders of the engine; .Inthe preferred .construction of this carbureter as shown by" Figs 1 and 5 to-IO, inclusive, it will be seen that, separate'fuel inlet pipes 37 are pro vided for eaeh-of the cylinders of the engine.

. In the present exemplification of: the inven 1L .tion two openings are shown in the-carbureter. 4

The carbureter, in its preferred form, and a as shown'by the drawings, comprises a mi);- ing chamber '39 and a float chamber 46, the mixing chamber being provided with ,inlet.

openings 40 and with a partitionextenditng from .the top of the chamber to a'pointbe- 4 lowthe lower edgeo'f the said openings 40.

An air inlet opening 42 is provided. at th 125.-

'munication with the floatcha'mbef s h 1',196,eos

.- w d1 "from the lower portion of the float chamber across the mixing chamber 39,

with an opening-on the opposite'side of the mixing chamber-through a boss 48., These tubes 47 are preferablyspaced apart and-lo cated on opposite sides of the partition 4:1. Eachtube 47 provided with anopening 49 (see Fig. 7), which extends from'thefloatchamber, is enlarged at 50, and isprovided internal threads to receive an adjusting screw 51 having a needle point 52, whichisadapted to be moved into and. out of the .15

reduced portion 49 of the tube .by the adjustmentof the screw .51. Lockingscrews 53 are preferably provided which may be moved in suitable threaded openings substantially at right angles to the openings for the adjusting screws 51 in the v boss 48 to. engagethe adjusting-screws and to hold them'in proper position. The tubes 47 are also provided with discharge nozzles 54fwhich communicate, with the enlarged 55 formed integral i. i-'portion 50 of thesaid tubes, and being connected to the tubein any suitable manner, such, for example, 'as through a projection.

with each tube. These discharge nozzles 'or projections 54 extend adjacentthe openings at one side thereof,

a so that the discharge of the fluid. therefrom I. will hethrough the though the opening is very slight. .To regulate and ad 'ust the size of th opening from the opening at all times, even mixing chamber 39 into the tubes 37 which conduct the explosive mixture-to the engine cylinders, pivotally mountedvalves 56 *preferably rotated are provided. which are about a vertical axis in the openings 40 of themixing chamber. These pivoted valves 56 constitute what is commonly known as a butterfly valve, and r the discharge nozzle is disposed so that the v f extremity thereof will be located at the edge of the valve when the valve 56 is in closed position, so: that even when the valve 1's nearly closed the fluid fromthe nozzle 54 will be projected through the opening and an. explosivemixture will be supplied to the engine cylinders. This construction is adopted so that there will be no loss.of the fuel, and so that there will be a proper and intimate mixture of the fuel and the air as it passes through the tubes 37 to the'engine cylinders. .In order to operate the .valves' 56 hearing pins 57 are provided at one end, which are rigidly connected to the valves .'and which extend preferably through the top of the mixing chamber casing and through the top plate 43, and are formed With crank ends 58. The operating lever 45, which is pivotally mounted on the cap plate 43 is provided with pro ections 59, which are adapted to receive the ends of the cranks 58, between them so that by rotating the operating lever 45 about its point of piv- 145 is provided with means for pivotal con-- nection with the bar 36, .ally secured to mice with the movement of this lever.29.

.,up, the operating mechanism will cause the speed of the which is also pivot the lever 29. It will therefore be evident that the operating lever 45 and the valve 56 will be operated in accord- 5 The operation of the valves 56 is in a way 7 in opposition to the operation ofthe engine, for the reason that the valves 56 are so connected that they tend to oppose the change in speed of the engine. That-is to say, if there is a deviation of the speed of the engine from the desired speed, the valves will be opened to oppose the deviation and to open or.close the fuel supply openings from the carbureter to supply fuel in such a manner as to return the engine tothe predetermined speed. If the engine has been set for a particular speed, and a lightening of the load causes the engine suddenly to speed valves 56 to.be closed, whereupon a less supply of fuel will be admitted to the engine and the speed will be cut down. A similar operation occurs when the speed of the engine is suddenly reduced, whereupon the valves will be opened much wider to admit more fuel to the engine. In this way the engine for any predetermined or desired speed is maintained practically constant.

To admit fuel to the float chamber 46 agravity system and source of supply may be employed, comprising .a suitable reservoir 60 and a tube 61 leading therefrom to the bottom of the float chamber. The floatchamber is preferably formed with a projection 62 atthe bottom, which isformed with a recess 63 threadedat 64 from the interior of the float chamber (see Fig. 5).

A screw plug 65 having abeveled valve opening 66 is threaded into the recess at 64, and a valve 67 having 'a valve stem 68 is positioned therein, sothat the valve 67 must be moved upwardly to close the valve opening. This valve stem extends upwardly through the float chamber 46, and through. a top plate 69, which covers the float chamer. The upper end'of the valve stem may be depressed at any time to admit a greater quantity of fuel into the float chamber. In order to maintain the fluid in the float chamber at a'proper level, a float is provided, which is composed of any'desired or suitable material. In the present exemplification of the invention a through which the "valve stem 68 is inserted and along which the float may be moved. In order, however, tokeep the float in any desired position and to adjust the position of the float along the valve stem without em- 0 ploying tools of any kind, a perforated strip of reSilient material l is secured to the float 70. The ends of th s flexible material are also perforated and are bent over until they "adaptedto register with each other and With valveistem will be gripped by t overlap, and -when 'pressed firmly, against the, float the; perforations; in the -.-ends' are an opening'throu'gh the strip which is'fixd to thefloatr 1 In this position the valve stem- .s68j is freelyinserted through theifloat and through theperforated-strip. As soomhowever, as pressureon the overlappingendsjis relieved the resilience of the material presses them upwardly from the dotted osit-ion, as shown in Fig, 5, to the full-line or normal position inthe-[same -figure, whe eupon the lie. resilient mate-rial and-the floatf will beheld firlnly in position --'.withoutdanger ofslipping along I the valve stem.- "To adjust the position of the float along .thevalve stem it is necessary only topressthe folded over'ends down-- wardly'to their dotted position-as shown in Fig.1 5,v whereuponthe float may-be. moved alongthe-s'tem to any desired position.

The operation of; the engine'willbeireadily understood from the preceding description, andit is evident that it is necessary only to setthe le'ver,31-- for the desired speed of rd tation-of the engine, whereupon the autoinaticgoverning and fuel .mixing .device will maintain the speed, of v the enginepracr ically constant for the desiredspeed." The;

- s'peed'of the engine mayire'adily be changed fwhile' the engine is in operation by simply "varying the position of the lever, 31, Whereuponthe governing and'fuel mixing-devices' will automatically maintain the engine {at the proper and-desired speed. It ,ijs'evident that by this means the power of the. engine may"be'varie'dithrough a wi'derange, and that the fuel consumption for'iany particular speed is adaptedv to that'speed, so that at no time will a large'amount of fuel and power be expended in doing the .useless. workof moving. a heavy and, cumbersome; ma-' chine. f The applicants engine is designed to be light in construction an'dtho fly wheel is particularly light, for the reason that in this type of motor the balance is' so perfect, both mechanically and. explosively, that a heavy fly wheel is not demanded. The term explosivelybalancedl is applied to a machine in which there is an explosion for each revolution of the fly wheel,v As the four stroke cycle type of engine-is referred to,

. this statement will be readily ,understood.

.- 'Although I have thusdescribed the .pre-' ferred embodiment of my invention, it is evident that those -.skilled in the arts to which thisjrelates may makevarious. changes in the. construction, combinatlon and arrangement of the several parts without-departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

' direction. Y

I 2. The combination with a gas engine hav'inga plurality of cylinders, of a carbureter 'having'. a mixing chamber provided 30 with a separate outlet opening for each en-' 'gi ne .cylinder',.valves for each outlet open- 1-ng, 'a-;floa t chamber separate tubes connected to the mixing chamber and discharging adjacent each of. the said outlet openings, 35

adjusting means'for eachiof said tubes extending 'onthe outsideof the mixing chamber, and means in; connection with the engine for operating the valvessimultaneously,

1 3.3The, combination] with a gas engineoo having apl'urality ofcylinders," of a carbureter having a :mixing chamber provided ,witha' separate 'o'utletopening for each engine' cylinder, valves. for each outlet openchamber-byseparate tubes and discharging adjacent "each of the said outlet openings, adjusting-means for each of said tubes ex--. tendingon the outside of the mixing chamber, set 1,'screws for saidadjusting means,

. 'and means in connection with and depend- I ingthe'valves simultaneously. I I

t; The combination with an engine. of the .-class described and comprising a rotatable 1' shaft, collars freely mountedon said shaft, ac-oil spring flexibly connecting said collars, 'pivotally mounted members actuated by centrifugal force and. operative toengage oneof sai'd.,collars by their movement to effect a movement of the other collar. along the shaft, a bar. transverse to the shaft having an arm engaged by the last named collar andan arm on the other end, a fuel mixing devicefor the engine having valves to control fuel supply to the engine, ajlever connected "to the said Valves, a member connected to one end of said last named lever and to the j Y-last mentioned arm to actuate the said valves [in accordance with the movement of the -,saidcentrifugal, members, a handlever pivotally mounted on said transverse bar at the outer end having a downward extension substanti'ally as long as .the downwardly extending arm at this 'end,.-and a. spring connecting the extension and the said arm tending normally tooppose'their separation, the said hand lever, being adjustable into differ ent fixed positions and operative'in con unc tion with said centrifugal members to allow ing,'.a fidat chamber connected to the mixing 95 ing'upon the speed of the engine for operata variation. of and to maintain the valves of nametothis specification, in the presence of the fuel supply device substantially in a 190- two subscribing Witnesses, on this 23rd day sition corresponding to any fixed position of of April, A." D. 1912. the said hand lever whereby the speed Of the WILLIAM L.v PHILLIPS. 5 engine will be maintained practically cen- Witnesses;

stant for this position.-- I Y EsMEE WVAL'IJD In testilnny whereof I have signed .my r I K. W. 'WONNEL 

